• Case Law - QuickRead Top Story

    Legal Update: October 2025 | Dewberry Group, Inc. v. Dewberry Engineers, Inc.—Constraints Using Disgorgement

    December 3, 2025

    In 1946, the United States Congress enacted the Lanham Act to create a registry and provide protections for certain forms of intellectual property and protect consumers from unfair competition. Damages arising from Lanham Act claims can be severe. In Dewberry Group, Inc. v. Dewberry Engineers Inc., an unusually unified Supreme Court addressed how disgorgement can be constrained. In 1946, the United States Congress enacted the Lanham Act (15 U.S.C. §§1051 et seq.) (the “Act”) to create a registry and provide protections for certain forms of intellectual property and protect consumers from unfair competition. While typically limited to disgorgement of the…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Expert Witness E-mail Blunders That Can Sink Your Case: Don’t Say That!

    October 29, 2025

    What is protected communications in one jurisdiction might be discoverable in another. Yet, many expert witnesses draft e-mails as if their words will never see the light of a courtroom projector. The author shares what she has experienced and makes suggestions. Words live forever, especially when they are typed into e-mails during litigation. As an expert witness, your casual Monday morning thoughts could become Thursday’s courtroom exhibit, projected on a screen for all to see. The discoverability rules governing expert communications vary significantly across jurisdictions.[1] What is protected in an arbitration in Michigan might be fair game in Illinois State…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Estimating Lost Profits for a Self-Employed Business: What are a Self-Employed Person’s Earnings? What are Their Profits?

    March 5, 2025

    This article will discuss some of the unique factors relating to assessing lost profits for self-employed operated businesses. As examples, two extremes will be discussed. These extremes provide virtual bookends when assessing a claim of lost profits by a self-employed person. The first addresses a self-employed person who reports his/her income through a Schedule C, Sole Proprietor. The second addresses self-employed individuals that own and operate a subchapter S corporation and file an 1120S for that business. Financial experts will often be asked to estimate the lost earnings or lost earning capacity for an injured self-employed person. This type of…

  • QuickRead Top Story - Valuation/Appraisal

    Adequate Consideration Status Update

    August 28, 2024

    Awaiting Proposed ESOP Regulations In April of this year, the author wrote “Adequate Consideration” Defined? for QuickRead. Since then, the author has regularly checked for updates from the Department of Labor (DOL) with respect to the definition of adequate consideration as it pertains to section 408(e) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and employee stock ownership plans. Although there have not been any regulatory updates from the DOL (as it pertains to the definition of adequate consideration), there is some news on the topic to share. In April of this year, I wrote “Adequate Consideration” Defined? for…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    The Panduit Test

    May 15, 2024

    Guidance Provided by Godinger Silver Art Ltd. The Panduit test is a widely used four factor test that is applied primarily in patent cases but also intellectual property cases. The test factors can be found in Panduit Corp v Stahlin Bros. Fibre Works, Inc. This article will focus primarily on the 2024 Godinger Silver Art Ltd. decision. The language of that decision has been used to explain the court’s understanding of how experts should apply the Panduit factors. Experts are asked to apply their education, training, and experience to assignments in estimating lost profits or critiquing the opposing expert’s analysis.…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Is BIPA Liability Lurking on that Company’s Balance Sheet?

    February 1, 2023

    An Additional Consideration for Business Valuation and Forensic Accountants When Valuing a Company The Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA), 740 Ill. Comp. Stat. 14/1 et seq., is not just for Google and Facebook. While the technology giants have been sued for allegedly violating BIPA, so too have countless other companies. In the last few years, plaintiffs have sued hundreds, if not thousands, of companies across a range of industries for alleged violations of BIPA. The author discusses BIPA, liability that companies are exposed to for violating BIPA, and questions valuation analysts and forensic accountants must ascertain a company’s exposure to…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Looking Back to Go Forward

    August 31, 2022

    A Review of the Basics for Lost Profits (Part II) In this second part of our series reviewing the basics for lost profits, we will contrast the differences between valuing a lost business and calculating an ongoing business’s lost profits. Because many experts calculating lost profits also provide business valuations, both in and out of litigation, it is good to be reminded of the similarities and differences between these two approaches when assessing commercial damages. In this article, we review five key categories that separate the approaches for calculating lost profits from valuing a lost business. It also is a…

  • Case Law - QuickRead Top Story

    Legal Update

    July 27, 2022

    July 2022 This article focuses on Partner Reinsurance Co. v. RPM Mortgage, Inc., 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 94244 (S.D.N.Y. May 25, 2022). This is a case of buyer’s remorse. The target’s financial condition changed dramatically after the LOI and buyer attempted to renegotiate the acquisition terms. This case illustrates how damages were calculated. Buyer’s remorse: everybody’s experienced it at one point or another. For me, it was a very ugly Hawaiian shirt; for Elon Musk, it appears to be Twitter. Partner Reinsurance Co. v. RPM Mortgage, Inc., 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 94244 (S.D.N.Y. May 25, 2022) was a case of…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Valuing Business Interruption Claims in a Post-Pandemic World

    June 8, 2022

    Two Major Approaches Adopted by Courts Assessing Claims This article discusses the challenges that COVID-19 and other recent catastrophes present when calculating business interruption claims. It surveys the two common approaches adopted by courts, examines their outsized impact on an insured’s recovery, and discusses how the influx of new decisions will change the business interruption landscape. It also analyzes how the underwriting process is evolving to account for the economic impact of these recent disasters. Courts across the globe are flooded with business interruption insurance claims arising out of the COVID-19 pandemic, extreme weather events, cyberattacks, and other catastrophes. COVID-19…

  • Case Law - QuickRead Top Story

    Legal Update

    May 18, 2022

    May 2022 For more than 400 years, the limited liability protection of corporate entities has been perhaps one of the greatest accelerators of economic growth and capital formation in the industrialized world. Despite the benefits, corporations have also been used as vehicles to cheat creditors with bad guys hiding behind the “corporate veil.” Over time, courts have developed a strategy for creditors to “pierce the corporate veil” to satisfy their claims from the personal assets of malicious shareholders, but until recently, creditors have been unable to pursue recovery against other affiliated entities. For more than 400 years, the limited liability…

  • Mergers and Acquisitions/Exit Planning - QuickRead Top Story - Valuation/Appraisal

    Analyst’s Noncompete Agreement Considerations in Corporate Acquisitions

    February 16, 2022

    (Part I of II) This is a two-part article that focuses on the situation where the target company is a private corporation, and the sellers are employee/shareholders. This discussion summarizes the taxation and valuation considerations related to a transaction where employee/shareholders are selling the private C corporation stock to a C corporation acquirer. Some of the taxation and valuation considerations also apply to the corporate acquirer’s purchase of the corporate subsidiary stock of a parent corporation seller. However, the principal focus of this discussion will be on valuation and taxation guidance related to the employee/shareholders’ sale of a closely held…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Pre-Bankruptcy Bonuses

    January 19, 2022

    A Fair Payout or a Disaster Waiting to Happen In 2020 alone, approximately 7,300 companies filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Of those corporate debtors, 42 were found to have awarded pre-bankruptcy retention bonuses to a total of 223 executives, with the bonuses totaling approximately $165 million. These pre-bankruptcy bonuses were given to executives anywhere from five months to two days before the filing. Virtually none of the bonuses paid were approved by a court. Although these pre-bankruptcy bonuses seem like a minority among the 2020 Chapter 11 cases, they have been the topic of much recent discussion surrounding insolvent corporations.…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Hack Damages

    September 29, 2021

    From Beginning to End The authors of this article discuss what happens when credit card data is stolen and personal identifiable information is stolen. They recount how this information is used and sold on the dark web and the issues that arise when damages are claimed. The case of Target Corporation Data Security Breach Litigation, Attias et al. v. Carefirst, Inc., and Wawa provides context and insight on what must be proven and how damages are calculated. Ever ponder what happens when credit card data is stolen? I am not referring to the theft of your credit card from a…

  • Mergers and Acquisitions/Exit Planning - QuickRead Top Story - Valuation/Appraisal

    Analyst Considerations in the Valuation

    April 14, 2021

    of a Tax Loss Target Company Acquisition This article summarizes the factors that acquirers—and their valuation and other financial advisers—should consider when structuring an M&A transaction that involves a target corporation with such income tax attributes. Introduction Valuation analysts and other financial advisers (collectively, analysts) are often retained to advise acquisitive clients with regard to proposed merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions. Such analysts typically focus on the pricing and structuring of the proposed M&A transaction. However, these analysts are expected to work with—and to support—the acquirer’s accounting, taxation, legal, and other professional advisers, particularly in the assessment of the risks…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story - Valuation/Appraisal

    Lost Profits

    February 24, 2021

    Moving Forward During COVID-19 The COVID-19 pandemic has brought difficulties and major lifestyle changes for most of us. This is particularly true for the business world. Some firms have been negatively impacted. Some businesses have benefitted from the change in our lifestyles. Because causation is an important consideration in commercial damages cases, experts assigned to estimate lost profits must consider the impact of COVID-19 on a business or industry when calculating damages for 2020 and 2021. Courts are aware of the impact COVID-19 has had on the economy and the public. This article addresses issues experts should consider when assessing…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    The Internal Revenue Code’s §170

    October 21, 2020

    Charitable Contribution Deductions (Part II of II) The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and subsequent tax acts, such as the CARES Act, have complicated charitable giving and estate planning. This second part of this two-part article provides an overview of the limits placed on conservation easements. (Read Part I here.) In this second of a two-part article, the limits on the value and legality of conservation easements, charitable remainder, and lead trusts are discussed. Conservation Easements. Taxpayers who donate to a conservation group or a state or local government an easement to restrict development of their property, are…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Is There an Ability to Recover for Business Losses

    October 7, 2020

    Related to Property Contaminated by COVID-19 Not only has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the health of hundreds of thousands of people globally, but the government response to this health crisis has also created a significant financial burden on businesses across the country. State and local officials issued “stay at home” orders which required the majority of residents to stay at home in states and counties nationwide. Although several states have started lifting these restrictions allowing some businesses to operate to some extent, these businesses are faced with the danger of permanently closing their doors. This article examines whether business interruption…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    COVID-19—Proximate Cause

    July 22, 2020

    and its Impact on Lost Profits Calculations These are challenging times. Financial experts are faced with economic uncertainty and differing projections from various sources as to what the “new normal” will look like. Regardless of the economic circumstances, financial experts are hired to estimate lost profits. These calculations must be made with reasonable certainty. But to be reasonably certain, proximate cause must be considered. To properly consider causation during these current times, an expert must consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the economic shutdown. Without such consideration, an expert’s report will not reflect reality and could be construed…

  • Litigation Consulting - QuickRead Top Story

    Lost Profits and Discount Rates

    March 11, 2020

    What Do the Courts Want? Finding the methodology for determining the appropriate discount rate in a lost profits case can be a convoluted journey. The numerator (the lost profits) may be adjusted through modeling. The denominator (the discount rate) may be a risk-free rate, a rate of return on investments, or the rate of return commensurate with generating the lost profits had no wrongful act occurred. And, whether modeling is used to adjust the lost profits will impact the risk premia that affects the discount rate. Experts must review the facts of each assignment and apply an approach which they…

  • QuickRead Top Story - Valuation/Appraisal

    Issues in Estimating

    December 11, 2019

    The Cost of Equity Capital (Part II of II) This is the second of a two-part series article focused on issues that arise estimating the cost of equity capital. In most forensic-related valuation analyses, one procedure that affects most valuations is the measurement of the present value discount rate. This discount rate analysis may affect the forensic-related valuation of private companies, business ownership interests, securities, and intangible assets. This discussion summarizes three models that analysts typically apply to estimate the cost of equity capital component of the present value discount rate: (1) the capital asset pricing model, (2) the modified…