Dieckman v. Regency GP LP et al. This article discusses Dieckman v. Regency GP, LP, a recent Delaware Chancery Court decision. It is a reminder for valuation professionals providing damages testimony to be wary when mixing the use of the market approach and income approach when estimating damages in situations where multiple entities are involved. For example, using the income approach in valuing the allegedly harmed subject company and then using a market approach for a similarly situated company that allegedly harmed the subject company (and vice versa). On February 15, 2021, Chancellor Andre Bouchard of the Delaware Court of…
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In a SPAC Merger Transaction The fair value of equity consideration issued in a merger involving a public company is generally calculated as the product of the quoted price for the individual equity instrument times the quantity issued (commonly referred to a “P times Q”). However, if the merger involves a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC), determining “P” can be subjective and may result in different interpretations of U.S. GAAP fair value between the valuation specialist and the parties involved in the deal. Introduction The fair value of equity consideration issued in a merger involving a public company is generally…
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A firm can enrich its value to prospective suitors by investing in a top-notch IT infrastructure and exhibiting a willingness to embrace new technologies. To read the full article in Journal of Accountancy, click: Building a State-of-the-Art M&A Target.
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Case Law Four cases are presented in this article that provide valuation, litigation support professionals, and M&A advisors insight regarding how courts are addressing damages claims, challenges to experts, appraisal action challenges, and claims of fraud and breach of contract in connection with M&A transactions. Although the cases are from Delaware and California, they provide insight for readers to use in their practices.
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Negotiating, Structuring, and Reaping the Reward The authors share their views on what business owners should consider doing in anticipation of selling their business. The authors also share structuring considerations to close the transaction and reap the reward.
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Transaction Structure Considerations on Target Company Value Valuation analysts do not have to be investment bankers to value an M&A candidate, but they do need to understand taxable and non-taxable stock acquisitions. This discussion summarizes some of the tax benefits—and some of the tax complexities—associated with a taxable stock purchase deal structure. Although the analyst is not expected to be the transaction income tax advisor, the analyst opining on the deal price fairness to any of the deal participants should be generally aware of these transaction structure considerations.
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How Some States Treat Net Operating Losses in Reorganizations A number of states still require corporations undergoing a merger or reorganization to meet a continuity-of-business-enterprise test before they can carry over net operating losses, a rule that hasn’t been in effect federally since the 1954 Internal Revenue Code was enacted. Ann Holley and Caralee Hall explain. To read the full article in The Tax Adviser, click: A 1939 Frame of Mind: Old-School NOL Carryover Rules Prevail in Some States.
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A merger or acquisition is a critical move, and many don’t work out. Are you ready to make the jump? John J. Bowden Jr. explores some topics you should consider first. To read the full article in Financial Planning, click: How to Play the M&A Game.
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Creating Value for Business Owners and Board Members In this article, Edward Mendlowitz, CPA, ABA, CFF. shares his views regarding the importance of having a business valued. He identifies 50 ways that a valuation professional can provide something far more valuable than a number. While the valuation profession is under pressure to reduce costs or prepare a report, the business owner is better served in the long run retaining a valuation professional that provides greater insight to operations.
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Merger and acquisition activity in the healthcare industry has increased over the past few years. The playbook used in the past has shifted. In this article the authors share their views on whether and when to announce the deal, the importance of conducting pre-deal due diligence, appearing before the Board of Directors, understanding the constituents that are needed to succeed, and conducting pre-market due diligence in anticipation of Federal Trade Commission scrutiny.
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While the Comcast/Time-Warner merger is pending with the FCC, another mega deal has fizzled out. Toy giant Hasbro got cold feet in its $3 billion bid for DreamWorks Entertainment after its stock slid five percent after investors deemed the price way too high. Not to worry though, a new report from Ernst & Young showed 40 percent of media executives surveyed said they expected to make a buy sometime in the next 12 months. If the deals come to fruition, that would be the highest M&A rate for the media sector in three years, although one expert expects most…
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Lessons to be learned by Valuators from Cavallaro v. Commissioner Cavallaro v. Commissioner holds some valuable lessons for valuation experts. Following a tax-free merger of two companies owned between different family members, the children of the petitioners (and owners of one of the companies, pre-merger) received 81 percent of the stock in the merged entity. Differences arose between one set of accountants and Hale & Dorr, the law firm that assisted the founders with estate planning. The key issue was whether valuable technology was owned by the company controlled by the parents or the company owned by the children. The…
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Merging with or acquiring another company isn’t just about consuming or becoming bigger than the competition. In an in-depth article with ABF Journal, Phil Isom and Dan Tiemann of KPMG outline the deals their organization has pursued in the last 12 months and the strategies behind them. The authors detail how M&A can and should be used as a growth strategy with an eye on bringing new talent, tools, and resources into a company. Some deals are made to remain in sync with global trends and retain a competitive edge. It’s not always about the money, at least not…
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At the close of August 2014, $1.1 trillion passed through American hands in M&A deals, while the global tally was $2.4 trillion. Those totals mark the highest year-to-date volume since 2007. While that’s great for the industry, not all these deals ended happily. When anticipated value doesn’t materialize after the deal is done, disputes can arise, usually involving future payouts related to performance. While these disputes normally go before a judge experienced in such matters, some transaction agreements require the matter be heard by an accounting expert. The idea behind this change is that a neutral accountant will have…
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Up until now, all the corporate M&A talk for 2014 has surrounded the $45 billion deal Comcast has made for Time-Warner Cable. That’s not just because of the price tag. If approved by regulators, Comcast would end up as the internet gatekeeper for one out of every three homes and businesses in the country. That’s also a lot of power and control over internet access, quality and service for one third of the country. As media titans continue to consolidate, many are asking whether it’s wise to put so much power into so few hands. The latest questions surround an…
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Everyone knows that in a merger or acquisition deal, time is not a friend. The longer transfer negotiations drag on without an agreement, the less likely a deal is going to be signed. This is mostly because over time, both parties are more likely to adopt adversarial positions. When things slow down, firms begin to assume the successor isn’t making the transaction a priority and may not the right candidate for their offer. Do they even have the capacity to handle such a venture? With each contract revision, the involved parties continue to reread the documents, often finding new problems…
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A summary of recent federal and state court cases involving final partner administrative adjustments, mergers, and matrimonial law This month we highlight four cases. The first is Rovakat, a federal appellate court decision where a claimed redemption was deemed a sale of stock. The In re MFW Shareholder Litigation case involves a motion for summary judgment where a majority of the minority shareholders approved a merger transaction; this was deemed a “cleansing device” that led to the dismissal of plaintiff’s leading claim, which involved an allegation of breach of fiduciary duty. In Matter of Central N.Y. Oil & Gas, the…
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The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) reports that in less than five years, 75 percent of all CPAs will be at or very near retirement age. Naturally, there’s an undercurrent of panic in the profession. Small and midsize firm owners are reluctant to sell to large operations, not to mention the pain of watching what they’ve spent a lifetime to create simply disappear. There’s also the concern for long-time loyal employees and what such transactions might hold for their fate. For those looking to retire, the answer seems to be merging with firms of a similar size. Mergers…
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Recent Cases Consider: Fair Market Value in Arkansas, Equalization Payments and Healthcare Credits in Iowa, and Valuations Based on Future Cash Flow in Louisiana Judge Wiggins in Iowa rules In re Marriage of McDermott on equalization payments and tax credits for health insurance payments. In Louisiana, Judge Williams finds a valuation in Fancher v. Prudhomme invalid since it was based on assumed cash flow—and a withdrawing member was the source of almost all the company’s business. Instead, current asset value is key. Find out more.
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Cases in Ohio, Delaware Assess Acquisition Share Value, Family Business In Iacampo v. Oliver Iacampo, the Ohio Court of Appeals rules on the appropriate use of experts in valuing a family business, the nature of passive income, and financial help from the wife’s parents. In Delaware, Gaerreald v. Just Care, Inc. turns on proper methods for determining share value, the value of an expert opinion, and deference to management projections.