Think like an investor, not an accountant! If fair market value is to determine investor expectations and equity risk; then why do these factors receive limited or no consideration when opining on the level of impairments (investor concessions) ubiquitously referred to ask discounts? This article addresses the business risks associated with asset-holding companies' equity that should be considered and repor ...

Recent BV conference discusses DLOM for real estate LLCs This article contains a review of a recent business valuation conference presentation on determining a discount for lack of marketability (DLOM) for real estate holding companies. ...

A view of the use and limits of option models (Part 2 of 2) Option pricing models (OPMs) are increasingly used to estimate the discount for lack of marketability (DLOM) in the business valuation profession. Some analysts disagree about whether OPMs are applicable for estimating the DLOM. Since OPMs were originally derived to determine option prices for publicly traded securities, many analysts question the ...

A view of the use and limits of option models (Part 1 of 2) Option pricing models (OPMs) are increasingly used to estimate the discount for lack of marketability (DLOM) in the business valuation profession. Some analysts disagree about whether OPMs are applicable for estimating the DLOM. Since OPMs were originally derived to determine option prices for publicly traded securities, many analysts question the ...

Historical perspective and current recommendations The Internal Revenue Service published Discount for Lack of Marketability: Job Aid for IRS Professionals (Job Aid) in August of 2013.  Now, two new books provide  advice on how to prepare a DLOM and which methods valuators  should consider and why.  These will help any business valuation practice, whether working on a DLOM for the IRS or any other purpose. ...

A review of BVR’s Guide to Discounts for Lack of Marketability. If you are looking for a comprehensive source of information about the DLOM and the cases that business appraisers consider for confirmation of a method, look no further than BVR's Guide to Discounts for Lack of Marketability, Fifth Edition by John Stockdale, Sr. ...

Working within the DLOM ambiguity This review examines the impact of volatility as a risk factor in the discount for lack of marketability (DLOM) and answers questions regarding the flexibility of adjustment periods. ...

Appraisers Should Focus on Objectivity and Competence and Be Ready and Flexible to Deal with Unanticipated Challenges—From Vague Case Law to New Evidence to Erupting Personalities. Rand Curtiss expounds on his philosophy that business appraisal is about boundaries: limits on what we can do. Every work challenge is filled with a large number of people, each of whom have different boundaries. Business sellers ...

Willamette Management Author Explains: What You Need to Know About DLOMs Aaron Rotkowski explains why it’s appropriate to apply a DLOM to a controlling ownership interest—and how to figure it—and why it doesn’t make sense to rely on restricted stock studies and pre-IPO studies to estimate the DLOM for that interest. Find out more. ...

Enterprise Value is a Perpetuity Concept, but Shareholder Level Values Depend on Expected Holding Periods.  Here’s Why the Difference Matters.  The conceptual logic regarding the income approach is difficult to refute, writes Chris Mercer on the Valuation Speak blog.  What can cause expected cash flows to minority shareholders to be less than the expected cash flows of the enterprise? What can cause the exp ...

Wealth Managers: Proceed with Caution When Setting Up an FLP Once an esoteric way for families to centralize management of assets, the Family Limited Partnership (FLP) is becoming extremely popular this year, writes the New York Times.  Why?  Because of the scheduled expiration of the $5.12 million gift tax exemption at the end of this year.   Still, setting up an FLP doesn’t make sense for all companies.  ...